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A transverse abdominis plane block, also called TAP block, is a regional technique to provide analgesia after lower abdominal wall operations. The techniques was first introduced by Rafi [ 1 ] in 2001.
The transverse abdominal muscle (TVA), also known as the transverse abdominis, transversalis muscle and transversus abdominis muscle, is a muscle layer of the anterior and lateral (front and side) abdominal wall, deep to (layered below) the internal oblique muscle.
Below this level, the aponeuroses of all three muscles (including the transversus) pass in front of the rectus. [2] [3] The posterior layer of the rectus sheath is thus absent and the rectus abdominis muscle is separated from the peritoneum only by the transversalis fascia. [2] Due to this reason, this region is more susceptible to herniation.
Digital Art by Sofia Kraushaar. Muscles Worked: A plank is a full-body exercise, but specifically, it works your transverse abdominis, rectus abdominis (aka the six-pack), internal and external ...
These enclose the rectus abdominis muscles (a pair of long, linear muscles, commonly called the “sit-up” muscles) that originate at the pubic crest and pubic symphysis, and extend the length of the body’s trunk. Each muscle is segmented by three transverse bands of collagen fibers called the tendinous intersections.
The transversalis fascia (or transverse fascia) is the fascial lining of the anterolateral abdominal wall [1] [2] situated between the inner surface of the transverse abdominal muscle, and the preperitoneal fascia. [3] [2] It is directly continuous with the iliac fascia, [2] the internal spermatic fascia, [citation needed] and pelvic fascia. [2]
[3]: 1148 It then crosses in front of the quadratus lumborum muscle to an area superior to the iliac crest. [4] It runs behind the kidneys. Just superior to the iliac crest, it pierces the posterior part of the transversus abdominis muscle and continues anteriorly in the abdominal wall between the transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscles.
The arcuate line of rectus sheath (the arcuate line or the semicircular line of Douglas) is a line of demarcation [1] corresponding to the free inferior margin of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath [2] inferior to which only the anterior layer of the rectus sheath is present [3] and the rectus abdominis muscle is therefore in direct contact with the transversalis fascia. [1]