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More formally, it is the application of a point estimator to the data to obtain a point estimate. Point estimation can be contrasted with interval estimation: such interval estimates are typically either confidence intervals, in the case of frequentist inference, or credible intervals, in the case of Bayesian inference. More generally, a point ...
A geographical point is specified by the following four items: First horizontal position coordinate (ϕ or y), such as latitude (negative number south of equator and positive north of equator) Second horizontal coordinate (λ or x), such as longitude (negative values west of Prime Meridian and positive values east of Prime Meridian)
Given that various basic assumptions hold, this function allows the estimation of the average probability P of detecting an object given that is within width w of the line. Object density can then be estimated as D = n / ( P * a ) , where n is the number of objects detected and a is the size of the region covered (total length of the transect ...
where d ij is the Euclidean distance between the i th and j th points in a data set of n points, t is the search radius, λ is the average density of points (generally estimated as n/A, where A is the area of the region containing all points) and I is the indicator function (i.e. 1 if its operand is true, 0 otherwise). [3]
The point in a geometric figure for which the coordinates are the average values of the coordinates of all other points in the figure, i.e. the arithmetic mean position of all points in the figure; or the point with the smallest possible average distance from all other points of the figure. In geography, the geographical center of a region of ...
Difference in longitude of the points on the auxiliary sphere; α 1, α 2: forward azimuths at the points; α: forward azimuth of the geodesic at the equator, if it were extended that far; s: ellipsoidal distance between the two points; σ: angular separation between points: σ 1: angular separation between the point and the equator: σ m
Proportional symbol maps represent a set of related geographic phenomena (e.g., cities) as point symbols. These point locations can have two different sources and meanings: [14]: 303 A Point dataset includes a point location (i.e., a single coordinate) for each geographic feature. A variety of features may be represented this way, but common ...
1. An extreme geographical point, especially one of a pair. 2. Either of the two points where the Earth's axis of rotation meets its surface, i.e. the geographic poles, representing the northern and southern extremities of terrestrial latitude: the Geographic North Pole and the Geographic South Pole. 3.