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Individualism and collectivism are related to low-context and high-context cultures, respectively. Within high-context cultures, people rely on their networks of friends and family, viewing their relationships as part of one large community. [11] In low-context cultures, relationships are not viewed as important figures to identity. [12]
Allocentrism is closely related to collectivism; it is the psychological manifestation of collectivism. [10] Scholars have discussed collectivism since at least the 1930s. [11] Collectivism has been used to describe cultural level tendencies and has been described as a "broad cultural syndrome."
Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory is a framework for cross-cultural psychology, developed by Geert Hofstede.It shows the effects of a society's culture on the values of its members, and how these values relate to behavior, using a structure derived from factor analysis.
The term individualistic culture was first used in the 1980s by Dutch social psychologist Geert Hofstede to describe countries and cultures that are not collectivist; Hofstede created the term individualistic culture when he created a measurement for the five dimensions of cultural values. [2]
Asian values is a political ideology that attempts to define elements of society, culture and history common to the nations of Southeast and East Asia, particularly values of commonality and collectivism for social unity and economic good — contrasting with perceived European ideals of the universal rights of all individuals.
An example of culture bias is the dichotomy of "individualistic" and "collectivistic cultures". People in individualist cultures, generally Anglo-America and Anglo-Saxon European, are characterized as societies which value individualism, personal goals, and independence.
Cultural factors may also play a role in shaping perceptions of entitativity, as culture influences how individuals view and prioritize groups. In collectivist cultures, where personal interdependence and group harmony are central, groups are seen as integral to identity and social organization.
Collectivist anarchism, [1] also called anarchist collectivism [2] and anarcho-collectivism, [3] is an anarchist school of thought that advocates the abolition of both the state and private ownership of the means of production.