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Estradiol is a naturally occurring and bioidentical estrogen, or an agonist of the estrogen receptor, the biological target of estrogens like endogenous estradiol. [11] Due to its estrogenic activity, estradiol has antigonadotropic effects and can inhibit fertility and suppress sex hormone production in both women and men.
Estrogen replacement can restore vaginal cells, pH levels, and blood flow to the vagina, all of which tend to deteriorate at the onset of menopause. Pain or discomfort with sex appears to be the most responsive component to estrogen. [21] It also has been shown to have positive effects on the urinary tract. [21]
Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT), also called hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or transgender hormone therapy, is a form of hormone therapy in which sex hormones and other hormonal medications are administered to transgender or gender nonconforming individuals for the purpose of more closely aligning their secondary sexual characteristics with their gender identity.
Whereas the biological half-life of estradiol given by intravenous injection is about 0.5 to 2 hours, the biological half-life of oral estradiol has a range of 13 to 20 hours due to the large and long-lasting pool of estrogen conjugates that is formed during first-pass metabolism and that serves to continuously replenish circulating estradiol ...
One survey in Ontario found that 25% currently or formerly obtained DIY hormones, whereas for trans people of color living in San Francisco a different survey found that 63% had relied on DIY. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] According to a 2022 review, at the low end, 11% of Ontarian transgender people report having used DIY HRT; at the other extreme, 79% of trans ...
IM Tooltip Intramuscular or SC injection: Estradiol valerate – – 4 mg 1x/4 weeks Estradiol cypionate: 1 mg 1x/3–4 weeks: 3 mg 1x/3–4 weeks: 5 mg 1x/3–4 weeks Estradiol benzoate: 0.5 mg 1x/week: 1 mg 1x/week: 1.5 mg 1x/week SC implant: Estradiol: 25 mg 1x/6 months: 50 mg 1x/6 months: 100 mg 1x/6 months
Before insertion, the arm is washed with a cleaning solution and a local anesthetic is applied to the upper arm around the insertion area. [24] A needle-like applicator is used to insert the rod under the skin into the subdermal tissue on the inner side of the arm posterior to the groove between the biceps and triceps muscles. [ 40 ]
An estrogen patch, or oestrogen patch, is a transdermal delivery system for estrogens such as estradiol and ethinylestradiol which can be used in menopausal hormone therapy, feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women, hormonal birth control, and other uses. [1]