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An n-qubit (reversible) quantum gate is a unitary mapping U from the space H QB(n) of n-qubit registers onto itself. Typically, we are only interested in gates for small values of n . A reversible n -bit classical logic gate gives rise to a reversible n -bit quantum gate as follows: to each reversible n -bit logic gate f corresponds a quantum ...
Circuit diagram of a charge qubit circuit. The island (dotted line) is formed by the superconducting electrode between the gate capacitor and the junction capacitance. In quantum computing , a charge qubit (also known as Cooper-pair box ) is a qubit whose basis states are charge states (i.e. states which represent the presence or absence of ...
In quantum computing, a qubit (/ ˈ k juː b ɪ t /) or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information—the quantum version of the classic binary bit physically realized with a two-state device. A qubit is a two-state (or two-level) quantum-mechanical system , one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the peculiarity of quantum mechanics.
The language also supports macro-like definitions of possibly parametrized quantum circuits and their expansion, qubit measurement and recording of the outcome in classical memory, synchronization with classical computers with the WAIT instruction which pauses the execution of a Quil program until a classical program has ended its execution ...
It can be explained in terms of change of frame. [14] [15] As with any single qubit gate one can build a controlled version of the phase shift gate. With respect to the computational basis, the 2-qubit controlled phase shift gate is: shifts the phase with only if it acts on the state | :
Qubits are then encoded in the energy levels of the atoms. Initialization and operation of the computer is performed via the application of lasers on the qubits. [8] For example, the laser can accomplish arbitrary single qubit gates and a gate for universal quantum computation.
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In quantum computing and specifically the quantum circuit model of computation, a quantum logic gate (or simply quantum gate) is a basic quantum circuit operating on a small number of qubits. Quantum logic gates are the building blocks of quantum circuits, like classical logic gates are for conventional digital circuits.