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  2. Trough (meteorology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trough_(meteorology)

    A trough is an elongated region of relatively low atmospheric pressure without a closed isobaric contour that would define it as a low pressure area. Since low pressure implies a low height on a pressure surface, troughs and ridges refer to features in an identical sense as those on a topographic map. Troughs may be at the surface, or aloft, at ...

  3. Ridge (meteorology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ridge_(meteorology)

    Airflow around troughs and ridges in upper troposphere. Given the direction of the winds around an anticyclonic circulation and the fact that weather systems move from west to east: [2] ahead of an upper-ridge, the airflow that comes from the polar regions and brings cold air.

  4. Cartography of the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartography_of_the_United...

    Maps of the New World had been produced since the 16th century. The history of cartography of the United States begins in the 18th century, after the declared independence of the original Thirteen Colonies on July 4, 1776, during the American Revolutionary War (1776–1783). Later, Samuel Augustus Mitchell published a map of the United States ...

  5. Trough (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trough_(geology)

    Satellite image of the Cayman Trough Bathymetric features of the Rockall Trough northwest of Scotland and Ireland. In geology, a trough is a linear structural depression that extends laterally over a distance. Although it is less steep than a trench, a trough can be a narrow basin or a geologic rift. These features often form at the rim of ...

  6. Geology of the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_the_United_States

    The plate collisions that formed the core of our continent left behind a striking structural trend. Ridges and valleys are strongly aligned along this northeast–southwest trend. Lake Superior is an example of this northeast–southwest structural trend. Ridges of erosion-resistant rock rise above valleys and carved into weaker rock units. [15]

  7. Mountain formation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_formation

    Higher blocks are called horsts, and troughs are called grabens. A spreading apart of the surface causes tensional forces. A spreading apart of the surface causes tensional forces. When the tensional forces are strong enough to cause a plate to split apart, it does so such that a center block drops down relative to its flanking blocks.

  8. Gorda Ridge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorda_Ridge

    Bathymetric image of the Gorda Ridge – GeoMapApp The regional setting of the Gorda Ridge. The Gorda Ridge (or plural, Ridges) (centered 41° 36' N, 127° 22' W), is a tectonic spreading center, located roughly 200 kilometres (120 mi) off the northern coast of California and southern Oregon.

  9. Ridiculously Resilient Ridge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ridiculously_Resilient_Ridge

    The Ridiculously Resilient Ridge, here depicted by cool-season seasonal geopotential height anomalies (November–March) during 2012–2015. Adapted from [1]. The "Ridiculously Resilient Ridge", sometimes shortened to "Triple R" or "RRR", is the nickname given to a persistent anticyclone that occurred over the far northeastern Pacific Ocean, contributing to the 2011–2017 California drought.