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Signs of folate deficiency anemia most of the time are subtle. [4] Anemia (macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia) can be a sign of advanced folate deficiency in adults. [1] Folate deficiency anemia may result in feeling tired, weakness, changes to the color of the skin or hair, open sores on the mouth, shortness of breath, palpitations, lightheadedness, cold hands and feet, headaches, easy bleeding ...
A typical dose that is administered to children is 0.5–1 mg/kg daily, but the dose can be increased depending on the severity of symptoms and the age of the child. Over time, the treatment with folinic acid has shown to reduce a variety of symptoms of CFD.
The 2013–2014 survey reported that for adults ages 20 years and older, men consumed an average of 249 μg/day folate from food plus 207 μg/day of folic acid from consumption of fortified foods, for a combined total of 601 μg/day of dietary folate equivalents (DFEs because each microgram of folic acid counts as 1.7 μg of food folate).
As a consequence of the biochemical reactions in which homocysteine is involved, deficiencies of vitamin B 6, folic acid (vitamin B 9), and vitamin B 12 can lead to high homocysteine levels. [2] Other possible causes of hyperhomocysteinemia include genetics, excessive methionine intake, and other diseases.
Some effects of fructose malabsorption are decreased tryptophan, [9] folic acid [10] and zinc in the blood. [ 10 ] Restricting dietary intake of free fructose and/or fructans may provide symptom relief in a high proportion of patients with functional gut disorders.
The cause of tropical sprue is not known. [2] It may be caused by persistent bacterial, viral, amoebal, or parasitic infections. [5] Folic acid deficiency, effects of malabsorbed fat on intestinal motility, and persistent small intestinal bacterial overgrowth may combine to cause the disorder. [6]
Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent and can cause osteoporosis, and is treated by oral supplementation. [17] Folic acid, vitamin B12, zinc, magnesium, and selenium deficiencies may also occur, and are treated through oral supplementation. [17] Impaired growth and nutritional deficiency occur in 65–85% of children with Crohn's disease. [18]
The CSF folate level is usually undetectable at the time of diagnosis. Even when the blood folate level is corrected, or far above normal, the CSF folate level remains low, consistent with impaired transport across the choroid plexus. The normal CSF folate level in children over the first three years of life is in the 75 to 150 nM range.
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