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Cholecystectomy is a common treatment of symptomatic gallstones and other gallbladder conditions. [1] In 2011, cholecystectomy was the eighth most common operating room procedure performed in hospitals in the United States. [2] Cholecystectomy can be performed either laparoscopically, or via an open surgical technique. [3] [page needed]
Cholecystostomy finds its application when the patient has cholecystitis and is not a good candidate for surgery. [6] Some indications include: Critically ill patients that are clinically unstable to tolerate surgical cholecystectomy [6] Patients unable to tolerate anesthesia during the surgery [6]
Lateral internal sphincterotomy is the preferred method of surgery for persons with chronic anal fissures, and is generally used when medical therapy has failed. [1] It is associated with a lower rate of side effects than older techniques such as posterior internal sphincterotomy and anoplasty, [3] and has also been shown to be superior to topical glyceryl trinitrate (GTN 0.2% ointment) in ...
Like with any major surgery, a variety of complications may occur during and after an exploratory laparotomy. These include minor problems, such as superficial skin infection or delayed bowel motility , and major problems, such as bleeding, blood clots in the legs or in the lungs , stroke , deep intraabdominal infection which can lead to sepsis ...
After the surgery, nasogastric suction is usually maintained for 2–3 days and the tube is removed when there is low output. Once the tube is in place, it can be used to give the patient food and medicine. [medical citation needed] A fluid diet is started after surgery and the diet is advanced as tolerated by the patient. [16]
Several studies have demonstrated the superiority of laparoscopic cholecystectomy when compared to open cholecystectomy (using a large incision in the right upper abdomen under the rib cage). People undergoing laparoscopic surgery report less incisional pain postoperatively as well as having fewer long-term complications and less disability ...
Cholecystectomy may be performed via an open incision or via laparoscopic methods, but gallbladder anatomy and consistency may complicate the operation. [ 5 ] Based on evidence in the current literature, a prophylactic cholecystectomy is not routinely recommended for all patients with porcelain gallbladder and should be restricted to those with ...
Postcholecystectomy syndrome (PCS) describes the presence of abdominal symptoms after a cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal). Symptoms occur in about 5 to 40 percent of patients who undergo cholecystectomy, [1] and can be transient, persistent or lifelong. [2] [3] The chronic condition is diagnosed in approximately 10% of postcholecystectomy ...