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2. Soil acidification - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_acidification

   Soil acidification is the buildup of hydrogen cations, which reduces the soil pH. Chemically, this happens when a proton donor gets added to the soil. The donor can be an acid, such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, or carbonic acid. It can also be a compound such as aluminium sulfate, which reacts in the soil to release protons.

3. Soil pH - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_pH

   The pH is measured in soil-water (1:1) and soil-salt (1:2 ) solutions. For convenience, the pH is initially measured in water and then measured in CaCl 2 {\displaystyle {\ce {CaCl2}}} . With the addition of an equal volume of 0.02 M CaCl 2 {\displaystyle {\ce {CaCl2}}} to the soil suspension that was prepared for the water pH, the final soil ...

4. Freshwater acidification - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freshwater_acidification

   Wetlands and peatlands serve as buffers for freshwater systems by absorbing pollutants regulating water flow. [19] Wetland restoration projects have been shown to increase the resilience of freshwater systems to acidification and other environmental stressors. [20] Liming is one of the most common and best practices for remediating acidification.

5. Recirculating aquaculture system - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recirculating_aquaculture...

   The first step of nitrification in the biofilter consumes alkalinity and lowers the pH of the system. [11] Keeping the pH in a suitable range (5.0-9.0 for freshwater systems) is crucial to maintain the health of both the fish and biofilter. pH is typically controlled by the addition of alkalinity in the form of lime (CaCO 3) or sodium hydroxide ...

6. Freshwater aquarium - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freshwater_aquarium

   A freshwater aquarium is a receptacle that holds one or more freshwater aquatic organisms for decorative, pet-keeping, or research purposes. Modern aquariums are most often made from transparent glass or acrylic glass. Typical inhabitants include fish, plants, amphibians, and invertebrates, such as snails and crustaceans. Tropical freshwater ...

7. Substrate (aquarium) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substrate_(aquarium)

   For freshwater aquaria, gravel is the most common substrate. To prevent damage to fish, gravel should not be sharp. Aquarium gravel can be as coarse as pea-sized or as fine as 1–2 mm. [1] It is available in a number of colors, and may be naturally colored or dyed, and may have a polymer seal to ensure it does not affect water chemistry. [1]