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Surface finish, also known as surface texture or surface topography, is the nature of a surface as defined by the three characteristics of lay, surface roughness, and waviness. [1] It comprises the small, local deviations of a surface from the perfectly flat ideal (a true plane ).
A drill bit with surface finishing to make the cutting edges harder. Surface finishing is a broad range of industrial processes that alter the surface of a manufactured item to achieve a certain property. [1]
Surface roughness, often shortened to roughness, is a component of surface finish (surface texture). It is quantified by the deviations in the direction of the normal vector of a real surface from its ideal form. If these deviations are large, the surface is rough; if they are small, the surface is smooth.
Surface finish may be measured in two ways: contact and non-contact methods. Contact methods involve dragging a measurement stylus across the surface; these instruments are called profilometers . Non-contact methods include: interferometry , digital holography , confocal microscopy , focus variation , structured light , electrical capacitance ...
Turned, ground, and polished (TGP) is a classification of finishing processes often used for metal shafting. Turning (on a lathe) creates straight round bars without the strain induced by cold drawing, while grinding and polishing improves the surface finish and roundness for high dimensional accuracy. [1]
Mill finish is the surface texture (or finish) of metal after it exits a rolling mill, extrusion die, or drawing processes, including sheet, bar, plate, or structural shapes. ...
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Electropolishing, also known as electrochemical polishing, anodic polishing, or electrolytic polishing (especially in the metallography field), is an electrochemical process that removes material from a metallic workpiece, reducing the surface roughness by levelling micro-peaks and valleys, improving the surface finish.