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Autoimmune adrenalitis is the most common cause of Addison's disease in the industrialized world as it represents between 68% and 94% of cases. [ 6 ] [ 21 ] [ 22 ] Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex is caused by an immune reaction against the enzyme 21-hydroxylase (a phenomenon first described in 1992). [ 23 ]
Autoimmune adrenalitis (Addison's disease) is the most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency in the industrialised world, causing 80–90% of cases since 1950. [2] Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex is caused by an immune reaction against the enzyme 21-hydroxylase (a phenomenon first described in 1992). [ 20 ]
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2, a form of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome also known as APS-II, or PAS II, is the most common form of the polyglandular failure syndromes. [2] PAS II is defined as the association between autoimmune Addison's disease and either autoimmune thyroid disease , type 1 diabetes , or both. [ 5 ]
A few autoimmune diseases that men are just as or more likely to develop as women include: ankylosing spondylitis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and psoriasis. The reasons for the sex role in autoimmunity vary.
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2, [7] an autosomal dominant syndrome due to multifactorial gene involvement resulting in adrenal insufficiency plus hypothyroidism and/or type 1 diabetes. Immunodysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X-linked syndrome (IPEX syndrome) is X-linked recessive due to mutation of the FOXP3 gene on the X ...
Adrenalitis is the inflammation of one or both adrenal glands, which can lead to an insufficiency of adrenaline or noradrenaline. [citation needed] Types can include: Xanthogranulomatous adrenalitis [1] Autoimmune adrenalitis (a major cause of Addison's disease) [citation needed] Hemorrhagic adrenalitis [citation needed]
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1), is a subtype of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (autoimmune polyglandular syndrome). It causes the dysfunction of multiple endocrine glands due to autoimmunity. It is a genetic disorder, inherited in autosomal recessive fashion due to a defect in the AIRE gene (autoimmune regulator), which is ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to diabetes mellitus (diabetes insipidus not included below): . Diabetes mellitus – group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond properly to the insulin that is produced, [1] a condition called insulin ...