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The value distribution is similar to floating point, but the value-to-representation curve (i.e., the graph of the logarithm function) is smooth (except at 0). Conversely to floating-point arithmetic, in a logarithmic number system multiplication, division and exponentiation are simple to implement, but addition and subtraction are complex.
The number 123.45 can be represented as a decimal floating-point number with the integer 12345 as the significand and a 10 −2 power term, also called characteristics, [11] [12] [13] where −2 is the exponent (and 10 is the base). Its value is given by the following arithmetic: 123.45 = 12345 × 10 −2. The same value can also be represented ...
Double-precision floating-point format (sometimes called FP64 or float64) is a floating-point number format, usually occupying 64 bits in computer memory; it represents a wide range of numeric values by using a floating radix point. Double precision may be chosen when the range or precision of single precision would be insufficient.
If the mantissa is allowed to be 0-bit, a 1-bit float format would have a 1-bit exponent, and the only two values would be 0 and Inf. The exponent must be at least 1 bit or else it no longer makes sense as a float (it would just be a signed number). 4-bit floating point numbers — without the four special IEEE values — have found use in ...
It is intended for storage of floating-point values in applications where higher precision is not essential, in particular image processing and neural networks. Almost all modern uses follow the IEEE 754-2008 standard, where the 16-bit base-2 format is referred to as binary16 , and the exponent uses 5 bits.
These examples are given in bit representation, in hexadecimal and binary, of the floating-point value. This includes the sign, (biased) exponent, and significand. This includes the sign, (biased) exponent, and significand.
In a normal floating-point value, there are no leading zeros in the significand (also commonly called mantissa); rather, leading zeros are removed by adjusting the exponent (for example, the number 0.0123 would be written as 1.23 × 10 −2). Conversely, a denormalized floating-point value has a significand with a leading digit of zero.
The number 0.15625 represented as a single-precision IEEE 754-1985 floating-point number. See text for explanation. The three fields in a 64bit IEEE 754 float. Floating-point numbers in IEEE 754 format consist of three fields: a sign bit, a biased exponent, and a fraction. The following example illustrates the meaning of each.