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The Arya Samaj is a monotheistic Hindu reform movement founded in India by Maharshi Dayananda in 1875 at Bombay. He was an ascetic who believed in the infallible authority of the Vedas. [15] It aimed to be a universal structure based on the authority of the Vedas. Dayananda stated that he wanted 'to make the world noble', i.e., to return ...
Neo-Vedanta, also called "neo-Hinduism" [2] is a central theme in these reform-movements. [7] The earliest of these reform-movements was Ram Mohan Roy's Brahmo Samaj , who strived toward a purified and monotheistic Hinduism.
'Noble Society') is a monotheistic Indian Hindu reform movement that promotes values and practices based on the belief in the infallible authority of the Vedas. The sannyasi (ascetic) Dayananda Saraswati founded the samaj in the 1870s. Arya Samaj was the first Hindu organization to introduce proselytization in Hinduism. [3] [4]
Many Hindu reform movements originated in the nineteenth century. These movements led to fresh interpretations of the ancient scriptures of Upanishads and Vedanta and also emphasised on social reform. [5] The marked feature of these movements was that they countered the notion of the superiority of Western culture during the colonial era.
Prarthana Samaj or "Prayer Society" in Sanskrit, was a movement for religious and social reform in Bombay, India, based on earlier reform movements. Prarthana Samaj was founded by Atmaram Pandurang in 31 March 1867 when Keshub Chandra Sen visited Maharashtra, with an aim to make people believe in one God and worship only one God.
In matters of social reform the Brahmo Samaj attacked many dogmas and superstitions. It condemned the prevailing Hindu prejudice against sailing across sea and going abroad (Kala Pani). The Samaj condemned practice of Sati (burning of widows), discouraged child marriage and polygamy, and crusaded for widow remarriage.
The Matua Mahasangha (Bengali: মতুয়া মহাসংঘ [1]) is a Hindu reform movement that originated around 1860 AD in modern-day Bangladesh.Today, it has a considerable number of adherents both in Bangladesh and in West Bengal, India.
A new religious movement (NRM) is a religious, ethical, or spiritual group or community with practices of relatively modern [clarification needed] origins. NRMs may be novel in origin or they may exist on the fringes of a wider religion, in which case they will be distinct from pre-existing denominations.