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Certificate revocation is "an important tool" for dealing with attacks and accidental compromises. RFC 9325 places a normative requirement on TLS implementations to have some means of distrusting certificates. [9] Without revocation, an attacker can use a compromised certificate to impersonate its owner until expiry. [4]
If a certificate is mistakenly revoked, significant problems can arise. As the certificate authority is tasked with enforcing the operational policy for issuing certificates, they typically are responsible for determining if and when revocation is appropriate by interpreting the operational policy.
The OCSP responder uses the certificate serial number to look up the revocation status of Alice's certificate. The OCSP responder looks in a CA database that Carol maintains. In this scenario, Carol's CA database is the only trusted location where a compromise to Alice's certificate would be recorded.
The Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) stapling, formally known as the TLS Certificate Status Request extension, is a standard for checking the revocation status of X.509 digital certificates. [1]
In public key infrastructure, a validation authority (VA) is an entity that provides a service used to verify the validity or revocation status of a digital certificate per the mechanisms described in the X.509 standard and RFC 5280 (page 69). [1]
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Without revocation, an attacker would be able to exploit such a compromised or misissued certificate until expiry. [31] Hence, revocation is an important part of a public key infrastructure. [32] Revocation is performed by the issuing CA, which produces a cryptographically authenticated statement of revocation. [33]
The DPV client must be capable of providing the validation server with useful certificates and revocation information related to each certificate being validated. This includes OCSP responses, CRLs, and delta CRLs, which are critical for checking the current status of certificates.