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The conventionally used aid in cable fault testing and location is the cable test van. The van is installed with conventional cable measuring systems for quickly reaching the location of any cable fault. In 20 years that followed, over 2000 fault location vehicles were manufactured, more than half of which were intended for the former USSR.
A cable locator or cable avoidance tool (CAT) is an instrument used for detecting the presence and approximate location of buried services in advance of undertaking excavation works. It aims to avoid accidents while excavating. [ 1 ]
The Murray loop bridge is a bridge circuit used for locating faults in underground or underwater cables. [1] [2] It has been used for more than 100 years [3] but is being replaced by the more precise time-domain reflectometer. One end of the faulted cable is connected through a pair of resistors to the voltage source.
Utility locating is the process of identifying and labeling public utility mains that are underground. These mains may include lines for telecommunication , electricity distribution , natural gas , cable television , fiber optics , traffic lights , street lights , storm drains , water mains , and wastewater pipes.
An underground power line provides electrical power with underground cables. Compared to overhead power lines , underground lines have lower risk of starting a wildfire and reduce the risk of the electrical supply being interrupted by outages during high winds, thunderstorms or heavy snow or ice storms.
Underground cables take up no right-of-way, have lower visibility, and are less affected by weather. However, cables must be insulated. Cable and excavation costs are much higher than overhead construction. Faults in buried transmission lines take longer to locate and repair.
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Locating faults in a cable system can be done either with the circuit de-energized, or in some cases, with the circuit under power. Fault location techniques can be broadly divided into terminal methods, which use voltages and currents measured at the ends of the cable, and tracer methods, which require inspection along the length of the cable.
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