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A major step in mapping and conserving Portugal's unique grape profile was the establishment in 1988 of the Coleção Ampelográfica Nacional (National Ampelographic Collection or CAN), [38] [39] a germplasm bank containing as many of the country's unique native varieties as have been found so far along with those varieties that have been introduced from elsewhere.
Portuguese wine was mostly introduced by the Romans and other ancient Mediterranean peoples who traded with local coastal populations, mainly in the South. In pre-Roman Gallaecia-Lusitania times, the native peoples only drank beer and were unfamiliar with wine production. Portugal started to export its wines to Rome during the Roman Empire.
The final group are the Vinho Regional (VRs), which are table wines with a geographical indication under EU regulations. VRs each cover a larger area and are similar to the French Vin de pays at regional/departmental level. [1] [2] The early 2000s has seen many changes in the classification and naming of Portuguese wine regions.
Lisboa-top left highlighted with the península de Setúbal.Viticulturally these regions are considered separate. Lisboa, until 2009 named Estremadura, is a Portuguese wine region covering the same areas as the Estremadura region, and taking its name from the country's capital. [1]
The grape plays a role in the production of wines in two regions of Portugal, central Alentejo and Douro. In Alentejo Central, it is known as Aragonez and used in red table wine blends of variable quality, while in the Douro, it is known as Tinta Roriz and mainly used in blends to make port wine. [17]
Touriga Nacional is a variety of red wine grape, considered by many to be Portugal's finest. Despite the low yields from its small grapes, it plays a big part in the blends used for ports, and is increasingly being used for table wine in the Douro and Dão.
Alentejo (Vinho do Alentejo, Alentejo wines) is a Portuguese wine region from the Alentejo region. The entire region is entitled to use the Vinho Regional designation Alentejano VR , while some areas are also classified at the higher Denominação de Origem Controlada (DOC) level under the designation Alentejo DOC .
Douro DOC wine. Douro is a Portuguese wine region centered on the Douro River in the Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro region. It is sometimes referred to as the Alto Douro (upper Douro), as it is located some distance upstream from Porto, sheltered by mountain ranges from coastal influence.