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The components of a surface grinding machine are an abrasive wheel, a workholding device known as a chuck, and a reciprocating or rotary table. The chuck holds the material in place by two processes: ferromagnetic pieces are held in place by a magnetic chuck, while non-ferromagnetic and nonmetallic pieces are held in place with vacuum or ...
Rotary tables are made with a solid base, which has provision for clamping onto another table or fixture. The actual table is a precision-machined disc to which the work piece is clamped (T slots are generally provided for this purpose). This disc can rotate freely, for indexing, or under the control of a worm (handwheel), with the worm wheel ...
The tool itself consists of three parts: The grinder head, work table, and holding fixture. The grinder head has three degrees of freedom. Vertical movement, movement into the workpiece, and tilt. These are generally set statically, and left fixed throughout operations. The work table is a T-slotted X-axis table mounted on top of a radial fixture.
A common type of fixture, used in materials tensile testing (Grip-Engineering). A fixture is a work-holding or support device used in the manufacturing industry. [1] [2] Fixtures are used to securely locate (position in a specific location or orientation) and support the work, ensuring that all parts produced using the fixture will maintain conformity and interchangeability.
In addition, CNC routers may have accessories such as vacuum pumps, with grid table tops or t-slot hold down fixtures to hold the parts in place for cutting. CNC routers are typically available in 3-axis and 5-axis CNC formats. Many manufacturers offer A and B axis for full 5-axis capabilities and rotary 4th axis.
CAM software automates the process of converting 3D models into tool paths, the route the multiaxis machine takes to mill a part (Fig. 1). This software takes into account the different parameters of the tool head (in the case of a CNC router, this would be the bit size), dimensions of the blank, and any constraints the machine may have.
The work spindle is referred to as the C axis and, if a rotary table is incorporated, its centre line is the B axis. Horizontal boring machines are often heavy-duty industrial machines used for roughing out large components, but there are high-precision models too. Modern machines use advanced computer numerical control (CNC) systems and ...
A vacuum table is similar to a "Magnetic Clamping Table" in use, typically, to the same end as a vacuum table except instead of vacuum, the magnetic table uses electromagnetic attraction to restrain ferrous materials to the table facilitating ease of access for modern machining. A vacuum table, of course, is not limited to ferrous materials.