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Symbrachydactyly is a congenital abnormality, characterized by limb anomalies consisting of brachydactyly, cutaneous syndactyly and global hypoplasia of the hand or foot. [1] In many cases, bones will be missing from the fingers and some fingers or toes may be missing altogether.
Clinodactyly is an autosomal dominant trait that has variable expressiveness and incomplete penetrance. [citation needed]Clinodactyly can be passed through inheritance and presents as either an isolated anomaly or a component manifestation of a genetic syndrome. [2]
The extra digit is most common on the ulnar (little finger) side of the hand, less common on the radial side, and very rarely within the middle three digits. These are respectively known as postaxial (little finger), preaxial (thumb), and central (ring, middle, index fingers) polydactyly.
The hands and feet of people with ectrodactyly are often described as "claw-like" and may include only the thumb and one finger (usually either the little finger, ring finger, or a syndactyly of the two) with similar abnormalities of the feet. [7] People with oligodactyly often have full use of the remaining digits and adapt well to their ...
Five types [3] of syndactyly have been identified in humans. The corresponding loci associated with these types and their common phenotypical expression are as follows: . type I: 2q34-q36; [4] webbing occurs between middle and ring fingers and/or second and third toes.
Nomograms for normal values of finger length as a ratio to other body measurements have been published. In clinical genetics, the most commonly used index of digit length is the dimensionless ratio of the length of the third (middle) finger to the hand length. Both are expressed in the same units (centimeters, for example) and are measured in ...
Arachnodactyly ("spider fingers") is a medical condition that is characterized by fingers and toes that are abnormally long and slender, in comparison to the palm of the hand and arch of the foot. In some cases, the thumbs of an individual with the condition are pulled inwards towards the palm.
Ectrodactyly, split hand, or cleft hand [1] (from Ancient Greek ἔκτρωμα (ektroma) 'miscarriage' and δάκτυλος (daktylos) 'finger') [2] involves the deficiency or absence of one or more central digits of the hand or foot and is also known as split hand/split foot malformation (SHFM). [3]