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The wind triangle is a vector diagram, with three vectors. The air vector represents the motion of the aircraft through the airmass. It is described by true airspeed and true heading. The wind vector represents the motion of the airmass over the ground. It is described by wind speed and the inverse of wind direction.
The difference is known as the drift, and can be determined by the wind triangle. At least seven ways to measure the heading of a vehicle have been described. [1] Heading is typically based on cardinal directions, so 0° (or 360°) indicates a direction toward true north, 90° true east, 180° true south, and 270° true west. [1]
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Each half of a flag depicts 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph) of wind. Each full flag depicts 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) of wind. Each pennant (filled triangle) depicts 50 knots (93 km/h; 58 mph) of wind. [26] Winds are depicted as blowing from the direction the barb is facing.
Indonesia, [c] officially the Republic of Indonesia, [d] is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands , including Sumatra , Java , Sulawesi , and parts of Borneo and New Guinea .
A katabatic wind (named from Ancient Greek κατάβασις 'descent') is a downslope wind caused by the flow of an elevated, high-density air mass into a lower-density air mass below under the force of gravity.
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The term originally derives from the early fourteenth century sense of trade (in late Middle English) still often meaning "path" or "track". [2] The Portuguese recognized the importance of the trade winds (then the volta do mar, meaning in Portuguese "turn of the sea" but also "return from the sea") in navigation in both the north and south Atlantic Ocean as early as the 15th century. [3]