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Beech bark disease is a disease that causes mortality and defects in beech trees in the eastern United States, Canada and Europe. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] In North America , the disease occurs after extensive bark invasion by Xylococculus betulae and the beech scale insect , Cryptococcus fagisuga . [ 4 ]
Frost crack or Southwest canker [1] is a form of tree bark damage sometimes found on thin barked trees, visible as vertical fractures on the southerly facing surfaces of tree trunks. Frost crack is distinct from sun scald and sun crack and physically differs from normal rough-bark characteristics as seen in mature oaks , pines , poplars and ...
The UK Forestry Commission noted that eradication of the disease would not be possible, and instead adopted a strategy of containing the disease to reduce its spread. [10] Symptoms of the disease on larch trees include dieback of the tree's crown and branches, and a distinctive yellowing or ginger colour beneath the bark. [10]
Early stages of the disease show a light brown and tan color that looks dry and dusty. Later on, as the pathogen goes through the sexual stage, the bark will turn to a dark grey color. The bark becomes brittle and flakes off, [2] and black and grey cankers will appear. [1] These changes are symptoms, indications of a disease.
Dutch elm disease was spread by elm bark beetles, yet the tree mortality was caused by a pathogen. [4] Chestnut blight is a fungus spread through wind dispersal and rain splatter; the blight traveled up to 50 miles in a year by natural means. [5] Insect pests, once they reach the adult phase, have the ability to disperse by flight.
Foamy bark canker; Forest pathology; H. Helicotylenchus dihystera; Hypoxylon canker of shade trees; L. List of elm diseases; List of pistachio diseases;
Fusarium circinatum is a fungal plant pathogen that causes the serious disease pitch canker on pine trees and Douglas firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii).The most common hosts of the pathogen include slash pine (Pinus elliottii), loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), Monterey pine (Pinus radiata), Mexican weeping pine (Pinus patula), and Douglas fir. [1]
Aleurodiscus oakesii on tree bark. Aleurodiscus oakesii is the most common fungi to cause “smooth patch disease” on the nonliving outer bark of trees. This fungal infection can lead to trees shedding and leaving smooth and lighter patches of bark on the tree, giving “smooth patch” its meaning.
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