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A breviograph or brevigraph (from Latin: brevis, short, and Greek grapho, to write) is a type of scribal abbreviation in the form of an easily written symbol, character, flourish or stroke, based on a modified letter form to take the place of a common letter combination, especially those occurring at the beginning or end of a word.
Scribal abbreviations, or sigla (singular: siglum), are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse. In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) sigla are the symbols used to indicate the source manuscript (e.g. variations in text between ...
The first modern shorthand systems were geometric. Examples include Pitman shorthand, Boyd's syllabic shorthand, Samuel Taylor's Universal Stenography, the French Prévost-Delaunay, and the Duployé system, adapted to write the Kamloops Wawa (used for Chinook Jargon) writing system. [29] Script shorthands are based on the motions of ordinary ...
Secretary hand or script is a style of European handwriting developed in the early sixteenth century that remained common in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries for writing English, German, Welsh and Gaelic.
The study of the writing (the "hand") in surviving manuscripts is termed palaeography (or paleography). The traditional abbreviations are MS for manuscript and MSS for manuscripts, [6] [7] while the forms MS., ms or ms. for singular, and MSS., mss or mss. for plural (with or without the full stop, all uppercase or all lowercase) are also accepted.
Abbreviations for “ante meridiem” and “post meridiem” ASAP. As soon as possible. BOGO. Buy one, get one. BOPUS. Buy online, pick up in store. ICYMI. An abbreviation meaning “in case you ...
The system is a standardised form of abbreviation. For example, ak stands for "acknowledge" and all its derivations. Although it is generally slower to write in than more abbreviated forms of shorthand such as Gregg and Pitman, [4] it remains closer to alphabetic orthography. For example, I ak — k— k— "I acknowledge the client's comment" [5]
Sample of text from A Christmas Carol, published in Gregg shorthand, 1918. Many of the letters shown are also brief forms, or standard abbreviations for the most common words for increased speed in writing. [12] For instance, instead of writing kan for "can", the Gregg stenographer just writes k. [4] These brief forms are shown on the adjacent ...