Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Social expenditure as % of GDP (). A welfare state is a form of government in which the state (or a well-established network of social institutions) protects and promotes the economic and social well-being of its citizens, based upon the principles of equal opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and public responsibility for citizens unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions ...
The welfare state in Britain : a political history since 1945 (1993) online; Jones, Margaret, and Rodney Lowe, eds. From Beveridge to Blair: the first fifty years of Britain's welfare state 1948–98 (Manchester UP, 2002). online; Laybourn Keith. The Evolution of British Social Policy and the Welfare State, c. 1800–1993 (Keele University ...
William Henry Beveridge, 1st Baron Beveridge, KCB (5 March 1879 – 16 March 1963) was a British economist and Liberal politician who was a progressive, social reformer, and eugenicist who played a central role in designing the British welfare state.
The State of Welfare: The economics of social spending (2nd ed, Oxford UP, 1998) summary; Halévy, Elie. History of the English People: The Rule of Democracy, 1905–1914 (1934), online; highly detailed political history. Harris, Bernard. The origins of the British welfare state: social welfare in England and Wales, 1800–1945 (Palgrave, 2004).
Historically, the United States has spent less on social welfare than European countries, but only in terms of gross public social welfare spending. The United States tended to tax lower-income people at lower rates, and relied substantially on private social welfare programs: "after taking into account taxation, public mandates, and private ...
1983 All federal civilian employees hired after 1983; members of Congress, the President and Vice-President and federal judges; all employees of nonprofit organizations. Covered state and local government employees prohibited from opting out of Social Security. 1990 Employees of state and local governments not covered under a retirement plan. [71]
Government income was increased for the welfare state expenditure by a large increase in marginal tax rates for wealthy business owners in particular, as part of what the Labour government largely saw as the redistribution of the wealth created by the working-class from the owners of large-scale industry to the workers. [63]
William Beveridge in 1943. The Beveridge Report, officially entitled Social Insurance and Allied Services (Cmd. 6404), [1] is a government report, published in November 1942, influential in the founding of the welfare state in the United Kingdom. [2]