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1st conjugation: amātus sum (rarely amātus fuī) 'I was loved' 2nd conjugation: vīsus sum (vīsus fuī) 3rd conjugation (-ō): ductus sum (ductus fuī) 3rd conjugation (-iō): captus sum (captus fuī) 4th conjugation: audītus sum (auditus fuī) The forms with fuī are much less common. These forms are discussed in a separate section below.
The most frequent of these is the verb sum, esse "to be" together with its prefixed derivatives. There also exist deponent Latin verbs, which though active in meaning have endings identical to the passive endings of ordinary verbs.
The perfect passive is usually made with the perfect participle combined with sum, e.g. missus sum 'I was sent, I have been sent', ductus sum 'I was led, I have been led'. Some perfect tenses have an irregular stem, for example sum, fuī 'I am', eō, īvī 'I go', ferō, tulī 'I bring, I bear', tollō, sustulī 'I raise, I remove'.
Latin word order is relatively free. The verb may be found at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a sentence; an adjective may precede or follow its noun (vir bonus or bonus vir both mean 'a good man'); [5] and a genitive may precede or follow its noun ('the enemies' camp' can be both hostium castra and castra hostium; the latter is more common). [6]
How is my Spanish: Spanish conjugation charts Spanish conjugation chart. Chart to conjugate in 7 different Spanish tenses. SpanishBoat: Verb conjugation worksheets in all Spanish tenses Printable and online exercises for teachers and students... Espagram: verb conjugator Spanish verb conjugator. Contains about a million verb forms.
fui quod es, eris quod sum: I once was what you are, you will be what I am: An epitaph that reminds the reader of the inevitability of death, as if to state: "Once I was alive like you are, and you will be dead as I am now." It was carved on the gravestones of some Roman military officers. fumus boni iuris: presumption of sufficient legal basis
de bene esse: as well done: In law, a de bene esse deposition is used to preserve the testimony of a witness who is expected not to be available to appear at trial and be cross-examined. de bonis asportatis: carrying goods away: In law, trespass de bonis asportatis was the traditional name for larceny, i.e., the unlawful theft of chattels ...
Without the institutions of the Roman Empire that had supported its uniformity, Medieval Latin was much more liberal in its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin sum and eram are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. Medieval Latin might use fui and fueram instead. [18]