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Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infection caused by a group of enteroviruses. [10] It typically begins with a fever and feeling generally unwell . [ 10 ] This is followed a day or two later by flat discolored spots or bumps that may blister, on the hands, feet and mouth and occasionally buttocks and groin.
Enterovirus 71 (EV71), also known as Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), is a virus of the genus Enterovirus in the Picornaviridae family, [1] notable for its role in causing epidemics of severe neurological disease and hand, foot, and mouth disease in children. [2] It was first isolated and characterized from cases of neurological disease in California ...
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease, also known as HFMD, is a highly contagious virus. It's not the same as foot-and-mouth disease, which often occurs in animals. This one is similar in how it spreads ...
Humans, particularly young children, can be affected by hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), which is often confused with FMD. HFMDV also affects cattle, sheep, and swine. [citation needed] HFMD is also a viral infection caused by multiple viruses belonging to the Picornaviridae family, but it is distinct from FMD. [9] [10]
The 1997 Sarawak HFMD outbreak is a hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) outbreak from April until June caused by the Enterovirus 71 (EV-71) affecting 600 children in the state of Sarawak in Malaysia. [1] [2] Sarawak is the first state in Malaysia that reported HFMD outbreak. An estimated 28 to 31 of the infected children died as a result.
[6] [7] Since then, recurrent cyclical epidemics of HFMD have occurred in the country every two to three years. [6] While the root cause behind the recurrence of the disease remains a mystery, another factor that has been identified as increasing the spread of the disease among children is travel to neighbouring countries with high infection ...
There is early development of secondary sex characters and gametogenesis also starts earlier. Precocious puberty is of two types: true precocious puberty and pseudoprecocious puberty. In a minority of children with precocious puberty, the early development is triggered by a disease such as a tumor or injury of the brain. [1]
A diagnosis can be made from clinical signs and symptoms, and treatment consists of minimizing the discomfort of symptoms. [5] It can be differentiated from herpetic gingivostomatitis by the positioning of vesicles - in herpangina, they are typically found on the posterior oropharynx, as compared to gingivostomatitis where they are typically found on the anterior oropharynx and the mouth.