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  2. Bioindicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicator

    Caddisfly (order Trichoptera), a macroinvertebrate used as an indicator of water quality. [1] A bioindicator is any species (an indicator species) or group of species whose function, population, or status can reveal the qualitative status of the environment. The most common indicator species are animals. [2]

  3. Biotic index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotic_index

    Numerous biotic indices have been created to account for the indicator species found in each region of study. The concept of the biotic index was developed by Cherie Stephens in an effort to provide a simple measurement of stream pollution and its effects on the biology of the stream. [citation needed]

  4. Marine microorganisms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_microorganisms

    Over 1500 species of fungi are known from marine environments. [109] These are parasitic on marine algae or animals, or are saprobes feeding on dead organic matter from algae, corals, protozoan cysts, sea grasses, and other substrata. [110] Spores of many species have special appendages which facilitate attachment to the substratum. [111]

  5. Aquatic biomonitoring - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic_biomonitoring

    Species specific - It can be difficult to draw comparisons between results unless the same indicator organism has been used in each study, as every species has an individual niche and associated ideal conditions. Even similar species (as defined by either taxonomy or niche) may have different reactions and different thresholds for change.

  6. Indicator organism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indicator_organism

    Indicator bacteria themselves may not be pathogenic but their presence in waste may indicate the presence of other pathogens. [1] Similar to how there are various types of indicator organisms, there are also various types of indicator bacteria. The most common indicators are total coliforms, fecal coliforms, E. coli, and enterococci. [2]

  7. Aquatic macroinvertebrates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic_macroinvertebrates

    Aquatic macroinvertebrates are insects in their nymph and larval stages, snails, worms, crayfish, and clams that spend at least part of their lives in water. These insects play a large role in freshwater ecosystems by recycling nutrients as well as providing food to higher trophic levels.

  8. Marine microbiome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_microbiome

    These examples demonstrate the importance of microbial symbioses for the functioning of ocean ecosystems. Understanding symbioses with this same level of detail in the context of complex communities (i.e., whole microbiomes) remains ripe for exploration and, indeed, requires a more integrated framework from the fields of microbiology ...

  9. Ecological indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_indicator

    Ecosystems are complex and ecological indicators can help describe them in simpler terms that can be understood and used by non-scientists to make management decisions. For example, the number of different beetle taxa found in a field can be used as an indicator of biodiversity. Many different types of indicators have been developed.