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An ovarian pregnancy can be mistaken for a tubal pregnancy or a hemorrhagic ovarian cyst or corpus luteum prior to surgery. [8] Sometimes, only the presence of trophoblastic tissue during the histologic examination of material of a bleeding ovarian cyst shows that an ovarian pregnancy was the cause of the bleeding.
The decline in ovarian reserve appears to occur at a constantly increasing rate with age, [17] and leads to nearly complete exhaustion of the reserve by about age 52. As ovarian reserve and fertility decline with age, there is also a parallel increase in pregnancy failure and meiotic errors resulting in chromosomally abnormal conceptions.
Four criteria for differentiating ovarian from other ectopic pregnancies: The gestational sac is located in the region of the ovary. The ectopic pregnancy is attached to the uterus by the ovarian ligament. Ovarian tissue in the wall of the gestational sac is proved histologically. The tube on the involved side is intact.
Polycystic ovary syndrome, or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. [14] The syndrome is named after cysts which form on the ovaries of some women with this condition, though this is not a universal symptom, and not the underlying cause of the disorder.
Mittelschmerz (German: [ˈmɪtl̩ʃmɛʁt͡s] ⓘ) is a term for pain due to ovulation. It occurs mid-cycle (between days 7 and 24) and can last minutes to up to several days. [ 4 ] The pain affects one side of the lower abdomen and may be dull or sharp in nature.
In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process of fertilisation in which an egg is combined with sperm in vitro ("in glass"). The process involves monitoring and stimulating a woman's ovulatory process, then removing an ovum or ova (egg or eggs) from her ovaries and enabling a man's sperm to fertilise them in a culture medium in a laboratory.
Pregnancy itself is a factor of hypercoagulability (pregnancy-induced hypercoagulability), as a physiologically adaptive mechanism to prevent post partum bleeding. [41] However, when combined with an additional underlying hypercoagulable states, the risk of thrombosis or embolism may become substantial.
It is often paired with the field of obstetrics, which focuses on pregnancy and childbirth, thereby forming the combined area of obstetrics and gynaecology (OB-GYN). The term comes from Greek and means ' the science of women '. [1] [2] Its counterpart is andrology, which deals with medical issues specific to the male reproductive system. [3]