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Amphetamine [note 2] (contracted from alpha-methylphenethylamine) is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and obesity; it is also used to treat binge eating disorder in the form of its inactive prodrug lisdexamfetamine.
Amphetamine type stimulants can be used in the treatment of narcolepsy, a rare neurological disorder where the brain is unable to regulate the sleep-wake mechanism. [17] Amphetamines causes an increase in dopamine release, which is the proposed mechanism for its wake-promoting effect. [ 18 ]
Adderall and Mydayis [11] are trade names [note 2] for a combination drug containing four salts of amphetamine.The mixture is composed of equal parts racemic amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, which produces a (3:1) ratio between dextroamphetamine and levoamphetamine, the two enantiomers of amphetamine. [13]
Adderall is a prescription medication for ADHD. It contains the active ingredients amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. This prescription drug works by stimulating the central nervous system ...
Previous research shows that prescription amphetamine use in adults has been increasing in the United States, increasing 70% from 2011 to 2021, with a larger spike during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Initially the drug was used to treat narcolepsy, chronic fatigue, depression, and to counter the sedating effects of other medications. The drug began to be used for ADHD in the 1960s and steadily rose in use. [222] In 1975, pemoline (Cylert) was approved by the U.S. FDA for use in the treatment of ADHD. While an effective agent for managing ...
Long-term amphetamine exposure at sufficiently high doses in some animal species is known to produce abnormal dopamine system development or nerve damage, [26] [27] but, in humans with ADHD, long-term use of pharmaceutical amphetamines at therapeutic doses appears to improve brain development and nerve growth.
Abilify (aripiprazole) – atypical antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and irritability associated with autism; Adderall (mixed amphetamine salts) – a stimulant used to treat ADHD; Ambien – nonbenzodiazepine used as a sleep aid; Anafranil (clomipramine) – a tricyclic antidepressant; mostly used to treat OCD