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The Federal Court of India was a judicial body, established in India in 1937 under the provisions of the Government of India Act 1935, with original, appellate and advisory jurisdiction. It functioned until the Supreme Court of India was established in 1950.
At the time, the Federal Court of India had three judges, a British judge, and two Indian judges with one Hindu and one Muslim judge. [6] Varadachariar served as the acting chief justice of the Federal Court of India between 25 April 1943 and 7 June 1943, when the first chief justice of the court Sir Maurice Linford Gwyer stepped down. In ...
The Supreme Court is the highest court established by the Constitution. The Constitution states that the Supreme Court is a federal court, guardian of the Constitution, and the highest court of appeal. Articles 124 to 147 of the Constitution lay down the court's composition and jurisdiction.
After India became a republic on 26 January 1950, Kania was appointed the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India. Acting as Chief Justice, he read the oath to the first President of India, Rajendra Prasad. He died while in office of a sudden heart attack on 6 November 1951, aged 61. [4]
Sanjiv Khanna, the incumbent chief justice of India, since 11 November 2024 The chief justice of India is the highest-ranking officer of the Indian judiciary and the chief judge of the Supreme Court of India. As head of the Supreme Court, the chief justice is responsible for the allocation of cases and appointment of constitutional benches which deal with important matters of law. In ...
1 October – The Federal Court of India was established in India under the provisions of Government of India Act, 1935 with original, appellate and advisory jurisdictions. Bicameral legislature of Assam province came into existence; Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act; Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act; Arya Marriage ...
On November 7, 2024, Chief Justice of India D.Y. Chandrachud inaugurated the National Judicial Museum and Archive in New Delhi. This state-of-the-art facility celebrates the evolution of the Indian judiciary, providing visitors with insights into the history of the Supreme Court of India, the ancient Indian justice system, and key milestones in judicial development.
Contemporary Indian country jurisdiction has been shaped over the years by the rulings of many Supreme Court cases and federal statutes involving criminal and civil jurisdiction within Indian country. Today, the jurisdiction of Federal, state, or tribal courts usually depends upon whether the parties involved are considered to be Indians or ...