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Since this relaxation in US export restrictions, and because most personal computers connected to the Internet include US-sourced web browsers such as Firefox or Internet Explorer, almost every Internet user worldwide has potential access to quality cryptography via their browsers (e.g., via Transport Layer Security).
Countries may wish to restrict import of cryptography technologies for a number of reasons: Imported cryptography may have backdoors or security holes (e.g. the FREAK vulnerability), intentional or not, which allows the country or group who created the backdoor technology, for example the National Security Agency (NSA), to spy on persons using the imported cryptography; therefore the use of ...
Export destinations are classified by the EAR Supplement No. 1 to Part 740 into four country groups (A, B, D, E) with further subdivisions; [15] a country can belong to more than one group. For the purposes of encryption, groups B, D:1, and E:1 are important: B is a large list of countries that are subject to relaxed encryption export rules
Encryption export controls became a matter of public concern with the introduction of the personal computer. Phil Zimmermann's PGP cryptosystem and its distribution on the Internet in 1991 was the first major 'individual level' challenge to controls on export of cryptography.
Following the 2009 election protests, Iran ratified the Computer Crimes Law (CCL) in 2010. [39] The CCL established legal regulations for internet censorship. Notable provisions of the CCL include the following: Article 10, which effectively prohibits internet users and companies from using encryption or protecting data in a manner that would "deny access of authorized individuals to data ...
Conflict/security: Views and information related to armed conflicts, border disputes, separatist movements, and militant groups. Internet tools: e-mail, Internet hosting, search, translation, and Voice-over Internet Protocol (VoIP) services, and censorship or filtering circumvention methods.
Use strong encryption: Look for VPN services that use robust encryption protocols like AES-256 to protect your data. 6. Monitor VPN traffic: Continuously monitor VPN traffic and logs for unusual ...
No ONI country profile, but shown as no evidence in all areas (political, social, conflict/security, and Internet tools) on the ONI global Internet filtering maps. [ 69 ] There are no government restrictions on access to the Internet or reports that the government monitors e-mail or Internet chat rooms .