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The word telegraph (from Ancient Greek: τῆλε 'at a distance' and γράφειν 'to write') was coined by the French inventor of the semaphore telegraph, Claude Chappe, who also coined the word semaphore. [2] A telegraph is a device for transmitting and receiving messages over long distances, i.e., for telegraphy.
The Electric Telegraph: A Social and Economic History. David and Charles. ISBN 0-7153-5883-9. OCLC 655205099. Mercer, David, The Telephone: The Life Story of a Technology, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2006 ISBN 031333207X; Schwoch, James (2018). Wired into Nature: The Telegraph and the North American Frontier. University of Illinois Press.
The one-needle telegraph proved highly successful on British railways, and 15,000 sets were still in use at the end of the nineteenth century. Some remained in service in the 1930s. [23] The Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph was largely confined to the United Kingdom and the British Empire. However, it was also used in Spain for a time. [24]
The first telegraph put into service with an earth return is due to Carl August von Steinheil in 1838. [26] Steinheil's discovery was independent of earlier work and he is often, inaccurately, cited as the inventor of the principle. [27] Steinheil was working on providing a telegraph along the Nuremberg–Fürth railway line, a
The telegraph represented a disruptive innovation in the history of the United States from its invention in the 1830s onward by quickly becoming a vital part of the nation's communication infrastructure. Its relative importance declined with the spread of telephones in the 20th century.
George May Phelps (March 19, 1820 – May 18, 1888) was a 19th-century American inventor of automated telegraphy equipment. He is credited with synthesizing the designs of several existing printers into his line of devices [1] which became the dominant apparatus for automated reception and transmission of telegraph messages.
The Chappe telegraph was a French semaphore telegraph system invented by Claude Chappe in the early 1790s. The system was composed of towers placed every 5 to 15 kilometers. Coded messages were sent from tower to tower, with transmission being handled by tower operators using specially designed telescopes.
Alfred Vail and Samuel Morse collaborated in the invention of Morse code. The "Morse code" that went into operational use after Vail had become involved was very different from Morse's original plan. [c] A controversy exists over the role of each in the invention. The argument for Vail being the original inventor is laid out by several scholars.