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Some of these civilizations had long ceased to function by the time of the first permanent European arrivals (c. late 15th – early 16th centuries), and are known only through archaeological investigations or oral history from nations today. Others were contemporary with this period, and are also known from historical accounts of the time.
1531: Spanish found Puebla de Zaragoza and Santiago de Querétaro. 1535: Jacques Cartier reaches Quebec. 1536: Cabeza de Vaca reaches Mexico City after wandering through North America. 1538: Failed Huguenot settlement on St. Kitts in the Caribbean (destroyed by the Spanish). 1539: Hernando de Soto explores the interior from Florida to Arkansas.
In 2007, the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History and the Virginia Historical Society (VHS) co-organized a traveling exhibition to recount the strategic alliances and violent conflict between European empires (English, Spanish, French) and the Native people living in North America. The exhibition was presented in three ...
In the history of the Americas, the pre-Columbian era, also known as the pre-contact era, or as the pre-Cabraline era specifically in Brazil, spans from the initial peopling of the Americas in the Upper Paleolithic to the onset of European colonization, which began with Christopher Columbus's voyage in 1492.
Oldest continuously occupied community in the US, [5] known today as Sky City 1325 Tenochtitlan: Distrito Federal: Mexico Present-day Mexico City: 1450 Taos Pueblo: New Mexico United States One of the oldest continuously inhabited Native American settlements in the United States [citation needed] 1493 La Isabela: Puerto Plata: Dominican Republic
Non-Native American nations' claims over North America, 1750–1999 Political evolution of Central America and the Caribbean since 1700 European nations' control over South America, 1700 to present. Around 1000, the Vikings established a short-lived settlement in Newfoundland, now known as L'Anse aux Meadows.
The treaties were among several European states, including France, Spain, Great Britain, Savoy, and the Dutch Republic, and they helped end the War of the Spanish Succession. In North America, France ceded to Great Britain its claims to the Hudson's Bay Company territories in Rupert's Land, Newfoundland and Acadia. [24]
North American archaeological periods divides the history of pre-Columbian North America into a number of named successive eras or periods, from the earliest-known human habitation through to the early Colonial period which followed the European colonization of the Americas.