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Cel shading or toon shading is a type of non-photorealistic rendering designed to make 3D computer graphics appear to be flat by using less shading color instead of a shade gradient or tints and shades. A cel shader is often used to mimic the style of a comic book or cartoon and/or give the render a characteristic paper-like texture. [1]
Cartoon rendering, also called cel shading or toon shading, is a non-photorealistic rendering technique used to give 3D computer graphics a flat, cartoon-like appearance. Its defining feature is the use of distinct shading colors rather than smooth gradients, producing a look reminiscent of comic books or animated films.
Subsurface scattering is an indirect form of reflection where some of the light is transmitted into a semi-transparent material, scattered under the surface and bounced back out again.
An example of two kinds of shadings: Flat shading on the left and Phong shading on the right. Phong shading is an improvement on Gouraud shading, and was one of the first computer shading models developed after the basic flat shader, greatly enhancing the appearance of curved surfaces in renders.
Flat shading is a simple shading model with a uniform application of lighting and color per polygon. [32] The color and normal of one vertex is used to calculate the shading of the entire polygon. [18] Flat shading is inexpensive, as lighting for each polygon only needs to be calculated once per render. [32]
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A form of hashing to accelerate spatial testing e.g. for AI, collision detection, typically using a grid cell index as a key. Specular exponent Controls the glossiness in the Phong shading model. Specular highlights In shading, specular highlight is a bright highlight caused by specular reflections, more prominent on metallic surfaces. These ...
There are various techniques of shading, including cross hatching, where perpendicular lines of varying closeness are drawn in a grid pattern to shade an area. The closer the lines are together, the darker the area appears. Likewise, the farther apart the lines are, the lighter the area appears. Powder shading is a sketching shading