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For most of its history, the ancient Greek city-state of Sparta in the Peloponnese was ruled by kings. Sparta was unusual among the Greek city-states in that it maintained its kingship past the Archaic age. It was even more unusual in that it had two kings simultaneously, who were called the archagetai, [1] [n 1] coming from two separate lines.
Leonidas I (/ l i ə ˈ n aɪ d ə s,-d æ s /; Ancient Greek: Λεωνίδας, Leōnídas; born c. 540 BC; died 11 August 480 BC) was king of the Ancient Greek city-state of Sparta. He was the son of king Anaxandridas II and the 17th king of the Agiad dynasty, a Spartan royal house which claimed descent from the mythical demigod Heracles.
Vegetation is scarce and consists of low, thorny shrubs. The hillsides along the pass are covered in thick brush, with some plants reaching 10 feet (3.0 m) high. With the sea on one side and steep, impassable hills on the other, King Leonidas and his men chose the perfect topographical position to battle the Persian invaders. [86]
Leon (Ancient Greek: ... Leonidas I, King of Sparta: Niece of Anaxandridas: Notes Preceded by. Eurycratides. Agiad King of Sparta 590 - 560 BC Succeeded by ...
Leonidas was the king of Sparta who ruled c. 489–480 BC, ... Leonidas II, Greek king of Sparta, ruled c. 254–235 BC; Leonidas of Rhodes, ancient Greek Olympic runner;
A bust believed to depict King Leonidas I, Gorgo's husband. After Cleomenes's death in 489 BC, Gorgo was left as his sole heiress. By 490, she was apparently already married to her half-uncle Leonidas I. [11] Despite being the daughter and wife of Spartan kings, Gorgo herself could not be considered a queen, as royal women in Sparta did not typically hold a special role in society.
The hypothetical founder of the dynasty was Agis I, possibly the first king of Sparta at the end of the 10th century BC, who subsequently gave his name to the dynasty. The two lines, who maintained an enduring rivalry, were, according to tradition, respectively descended from the twins Eurysthenes and Procles , both descendants of Heracles .
Leonidas is a sculpture of a hoplite made of Parian marble in 480–470 BC [1]: 263 and unearthed in 1925. [1] The excavation team named it "Leonidas", deducing that it depicts the Spartan king Leonidas I. [1]: 266 It was found southwest of peribolos of the Athena Chalkioikos on the Acropolis of Sparta.