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The alismatid monocots are a group of 15 interrelated families of flowering plants, named for their largest order, Alismatales. [a] Like other monocots, they usually have a single embryonic leaf in their seeds, scattered vascular systems, leaves with parallel veins, flowers with parts in threes or multiples of three, and roots that can develop in more than one place along the stems. [6]
Monocot apomorphies (characteristics derived during radiation rather than inherited from an ancestral form) include herbaceous habit, leaves with parallel venation and sheathed base, an embryo with a single cotyledon, an atactostele, numerous adventitious roots, sympodial growth, and trimerous (3 parts per whorl) flowers that are pentacyclic (5 ...
herbaceous: not woody; usually green and soft in texture; perennial: not an annual or biennial; woody: hard and lignified; not herbaceous [18] The APG IV system is the fourth in a series of plant taxonomies from the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. [3]
Zingiberales are one of an ecologically and morphologically diverse and species-rich order of monocots, with one of the most distinct floral morphology. [6] [7] [8] They are large rhizomatous herbaceous plants but lacking an aerial stem, except when flowering.
In botany, a cortex is an outer layer of a stem or root in a vascular plant, lying below the epidermis but outside of the vascular bundles. [1] The cortex is composed mostly of large thin-walled parenchyma cells of the ground tissue system and shows little to no structural differentiation. [ 2 ]
Their growth form can be climbers, shrubs, tree-like and stemless plants, all commonly known as palms. Those having a tree-like form are colloquially called palm trees . [ 4 ] Currently, 181 genera with around 2,600 species are known, [ 5 ] [ 6 ] most of which are restricted to tropical and subtropical climates.
Pedicel – the stem or stalk that holds a single flower in an inflorescence. Peduncle – the part of a stem that bears the entire inflorescence, normally having no leaves, or the leaves having been reduced to bracts. When the flower is solitary, it is the stem or stalk holding the flower. Peduncular – referring to or having a peduncle.
A stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant, the other being the root. It supports leaves , flowers and fruits , transports water and dissolved substances between the roots and the shoots in the xylem and phloem , engages in photosynthesis, stores nutrients, and produces new living tissue. [ 1 ]