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[16]: 121 Citizenship was granted in a piecemeal fashion before the Act, which was the first more inclusive method of granting Native American citizenship. Even Native Americans who were granted citizenship rights under the 1924 Act may not have had full citizenship and suffrage rights until 1948 because the right to vote was governed by state law.
Native American Citizenship; The Politics of Inclusion: Indigenous Peoples and U.S. Citizenship, by Rebecca Tsosie (UCLA Law Review) Native American identity in the United States [14] [15] Determining Native American and Indigenous Canadian identities (WP:IPNA essay)
Eligibility for citizenship in the Pascua Yaqui Tribe is determined by whether a person or their ancestor's "name appears on the original base roll dated September 18, 1980, or applied for and was approved for membership under the Open Enrollment Act of 1994, Public Law 103-357", is an American citizen, and possesses 1/4th Pascua Yaqui Indian ...
Federalism and the State Recognition of Native American Tribes: A survey of State-Recognized Tribes and State Recognition Processes Across the United States. University of Santa Clara Law Review, Vol. 48. Sheffield, Gail (1998). Arbitrary Indian: The Indian Arts and Crafts Act of 1990. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-2969-7.
States with no federally recognized tribes are marked in gray. Federally recognized tribes are those Native American tribes recognized by the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs as holding a government-to-government relationship with the US federal government. [1] For Alaska Native tribes, see list of Alaska Native tribal entities.
With approval of the citizenship act, many Native Americans feared the expansion of U.S. citizenship might undermine the special status of trust land that allows tribes to make their own decisions ...
On June 2, 1924, U.S. Republican President Calvin Coolidge signed the Indian Citizenship Act, which made citizens of the United States of all Native Americans born in the United States and its territories and who were not already citizens. Prior to passage of the act, nearly two-thirds of Native Americans were already U.S. citizens.
Some tribes have a blood quantum requirement for citizenship. Others use other methods, such as lineal descent.While almost two-thirds of all federally recognized Indian tribes in the United States require a certain blood quantum for citizenship, [15] tribal nations are sovereign nations, with a government to government relationship with the United States, and set their own enrollment criteria.