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French orthography encompasses the spelling and punctuation of the French language.It is based on a combination of phonemic and historical principles. The spelling of words is largely based on the pronunciation of Old French c. 1100 –1200 AD, and has stayed more or less the same since then, despite enormous changes to the pronunciation of the language in the intervening years.
Spelling and punctuation before the 16th century was highly erratic, but the introduction of printing in 1470 provoked the need for uniformity.. Several Renaissance humanists (working with publishers) proposed reforms in French orthography, the most famous being Jacques Peletier du Mans who developed a phonemic-based spelling system and introduced new typographic signs (1550).
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Orthographic transcription is a transcription method that employs the standard spelling system of each target language. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Examples of orthographic transcription are "Pushkin" and "Pouchkine", respectively the English and French orthographic transcriptions of the surname "Пу́шкин" in the name Алекса́ндр Пу́шкин ...
In Modern French, eau is pronounced /o/ [1] and often appears at the end of a word. Generally, eau alternates with e in another form of a word, for example, the feminine of chameau is chamelle. There are three main ways of spelling /o/: o , au , and eau , out of which eau is by far the rarest. [2]
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An orthography is a set of conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, punctuation, word boundaries, capitalization, hyphenation, and emphasis.. Most national and international languages have an established writing system that has undergone substantial standardization, thus exhibiting less dialect variation than the spoken language.
More than 100 letters that never reached the crew of a French warship have been read for the first time since they were sent 265 years ago. Rare ‘treasure box’ of French letters opened and ...