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In 1862 the first railway connection in Grand Duchy of Finland were built with five-foot railway gauge, [95] however that gauge was first introduced in United Kingdom. [96] 1,537 mm 5 ft 1 ⁄ 2 in: England London and Blackwall Railway 1840–1849, converted to standard gauge 1,575 mm 5 ft 2 in: Spain Ferrocarril de Langreo: United States
During the "gauge war" with the Great Western Railway, standard gauge was called "narrow gauge", in contrast to the Great Western's 7 ft 1 ⁄ 4 in (2,140 mm) broad gauge. The modern use of the term "narrow gauge" for gauges less than standard did not arise for many years, until the first such locomotive-hauled passenger railway, the Ffestiniog ...
Dense light railway networks using temporary narrow gauge track sections were established by both sides for this purpose. [22] In 1939 it was proposed to construct the western section of the Yunnan–Burma Railway using a gauge of 15 + 1 ⁄ 4 in (387 mm), since such tiny or "toy" gauge facilitates the tightest of curves in difficult terrain. [23]
p = park railway (300–400 mm or 11.8–15.7 in) For instance, a metre-gauge model railway in H0-scale is designated H0m. In German text the letter "f" (for Feldbahn) is sometimes used instead of "i". The letter "e" represents the French word for "narrow", étroit. NEM gauges are arranged conveniently to use the normal gauge of smaller scales ...
The world's first operational mountain-climbing cog railway (rack-and-pinion railway), the Mount Washington Cog Railway in Coos County, New Hampshire — in operation since its opening in 1869 — uses a 4 ft 8 inch (1,422 mm) rail gauge, as designed by Sylvester Marsh, the creator of the Marsh rack system for ensuring firm traction going up ...
During canal construction (1904–1914), this same gauge was chosen for both construction traffic, canal operating services along the quays, and the newly routed commercial cross-isthmus railway. In 2000 the gauge for the commercial parallel railway was changed to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) to use standard gauge equipment. The original ...
In Sweden, the gauge was nicknamed Blekinge gauge, as most of the railways in the province of Blekinge had this gauge. [14] Colonial Gauge was used in New Zealand. [15] [16] In Australia, this gauge is typically referred to as narrow gauge in comparison to 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge or 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) broad gauge.
A narrow-gauge railway (narrow-gauge railroad in the US) is a railway with a track gauge narrower than 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge. Most narrow-gauge railways are between 600 mm ( 1 ft 11 + 5 ⁄ 8 in ) and 1,067 mm ( 3 ft 6 in ).