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It was published in 1974. Stereotypical masculine and feminine traits were found by surveying 100 Stanford undergraduate students on which traits they found to be socially desirable for each sex. [3] The original list of 200 traits was narrowed down to the 40 masculine and feminine traits that appear on the present test. [6]
The idea was picked up in 1959 by Canadian-American sociologist Erving Goffman [13] and in 1990 by American philosopher Judith Butler, [14] who theorized that gender is not fixed or inherent but is rather a socially defined set of practices and traits that have, over time, grown to become labelled as feminine or masculine. [15]
Maltz and Broker's research suggested that the games children play may contribute to socializing children into masculine and feminine gender roles: [128] for example, girls being encouraged to play "house" may promote stereotypically feminine traits, and may promote interpersonal relationships as playing house does not necessarily have fixed ...
Testosterone is used to help masculinize and can lead to a deeper voice, more hair, and other traits associated with masculinity. Estrogen is taken to feminize and can result in less body hair ...
Androgyny: Recent studies have shown that androgynous people are able to enhance performance cross-situationally because they can alter their behaviors appropriately to becoming more “masculine” or “feminine” in the given context. According to a study, a person's activity preference in games and interests are purely based on their ...
This is a list of specific psychological tests by the effect size for gender as reported in the most recent meta-analysis or norm. Only some psychological tests have been the subject of such research. The standard guidelines for interpreting effect size state that 0.2 is a small difference;
However, the feminine traits people are attracted to vary. “Some gynosexual individuals may be drawn to the physical aspects of femininity, such as feminine features or expressions of femininity ...
According to a study in the UK, women with stereotypically masculine personality traits are more likely to gain access to high-paying occupations than women with feminine personality traits. [102] According to another study conducted in Germany, women who fit the stereotypical masculine gender role are generally more successful in their careers ...