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A two-part tariff (TPT) is a form of price discrimination wherein the price of a product or service is composed of two parts – a lump-sum fee as well as a per-unit charge. [1] [2] In general, such a pricing technique only occurs in partially or fully monopolistic markets.
Two-tiered pricing refers to a system under which commodities for domestic use are supported at one level and those for export markets at another, lower level.. In the United States, the peanut price support program, until policy changes made by the 2002 farm bill (P.L. 101-171, Section 1301-1310), used a two-tiered pricing system with a higher level of support for “quota peanuts” that ...
Tiered pricing allows customers access to these services who may not otherwise due to financial constraints, ultimately reflecting the diversity of consumer needs and resources. Tiered service helps to keep quality of service standards for high-bandwidth applications like streaming video or VoIP .
This pricing strategy yields a result similar to second-degree price discrimination. The two-part tariff increases welfare because the monopolistic markup is eliminated. However, an upstream monopolist may set higher secondary prices, which may reduce welfare. An example of two-part tariff pricing is in the market for razors. [36]
The method used for most definitive estimates is to fully define and understand the scope, take off or quantify the scope, and apply costing to the scope, which can then be summed to a total cost. Proper documentation and review are also important. Pricing transforms the cost estimate into what the firm wishes to charge for the scope.
Good–better–best pricing takes advantage of consumers' anchoring bias; for example, when Williams-Sonoma sold a bread machine for $279, then introduced a premium bread machine for $429, the premium machine did not sell well, but the original model's sales almost doubled, because customers reasoned that the $279 model was a better value. [3]
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It usually deals with amounts greater than one million dollars. Below this mark, brokerage services and investment banks usually offer a set of tiered fees, or set-rate trading prices (such as $9.95 per trade). The original version (called the Lehman Scale) was as follows: 5% of the first $1 million raised from investors