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  2. Metal-coated crystal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal-coated_crystal

    Metal-coated crystal. A flame aura pendant set in silver. Metal-coated crystals are artificial products made by coating crystals, such as quartz, with metal to give them an iridescent metallic sheen. Crystals treated this way are used as gemstones and for other decorative purposes. Possible coatings include gold, indium, titanium, niobium and ...

  3. Quartz - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartz

    Quartz. Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silica (silicon dioxide). The atoms are linked in a continuous framework of SiO 4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall chemical formula of SiO 2. Quartz is, therefore, classified structurally as a framework silicate mineral ...

  4. Pearl - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearl

    Georgian seed pearl gold ring. A pearl is a hard, glistening object produced within the soft tissue (specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk or another animal, such as fossil conulariids. Just like the shell of a mollusk, a pearl is composed of calcium carbonate (mainly aragonite or a mixture of aragonite and calcite) [3] in minute ...

  5. Luminous gemstones - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminous_gemstones

    The pearl was greater than an inch in diameter, of the purest white and emitted light like moonglow. In the dark it could illuminate an entire room. For these reasons it was known as "Duke Sui's Pearl" [隋侯珠] or the "Spirit Snake's Pearl" [靈蛇珠], or, again, the "Moonlight Pearl" [明月珠]. (tr. DeWoskin and Crump 1996: 239).

  6. Cave pearl - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_pearl

    A cave pearl is composed primarily of calcite (calcium carbonate [CaCO 3]). Cave pearls are generally not considered to be a type of oolite . Other minerals found in small quantities in cave pearls include quartz (silicon dioxide [SiO 2 ]), apatite (a group of phosphate minerals ), iron , aluminium , and magnesium .

  7. Quartzite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartzite

    Quartzite is a very hard rock composed predominantly of an interlocking mosaic of quartz crystals. The grainy, sandpaper-like surface is glassy in appearance. Minor amounts of former cementing materials, iron oxide, silica, carbonate and clay, often migrate during recrystallization, causing streaks and lenses to form within the quartzite. [1 ...

  8. Nacre - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacre

    Nacre. Nacre (/ ˈneɪkər / NAY-kər, also / ˈnækrə / NAK-rə), [1] also known as mother of pearl, is an organic–inorganic composite material produced by some molluscs as an inner shell layer. It is also the material of which pearls are composed. It is strong, resilient, and iridescent.

  9. 13,600-year-old mastodon skull found in Iowa creek

    www.aol.com/13-600-old-mastodon-skull-004937007.html

    Cara Tabachnick. Updated August 17, 2024 at 12:35 PM. A 13,600-year-old mastodon skull was uncovered in an Iowa creek, state officials announced this week. Iowa's Office of the State Archaeologist ...