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  2. Upper memory area - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_memory_area

    In DOS memory management, the upper memory area (UMA) is the memory between the addresses of 640 KB and 1024 KB (0xA0000–0xFFFFF) in an IBM PC or compatible. IBM reserved the uppermost 384 KB of the 8088 CPU 's 1024 KB address space for BIOS ROM , Video BIOS , Option ROMs , video RAM, RAM on peripherals, memory-mapped I/O , and obsoleted ROM ...

  3. Uniform memory access - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_memory_access

    Uniform memory access (UMA) is a shared memory architecture used in parallel computers.All the processors in the UMA model share the physical memory uniformly. In an UMA architecture, access time to a memory location is independent of which processor makes the request or which memory chip contains the transferred data.

  4. Framebuffer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framebuffer

    A framebuffer (frame buffer, or sometimes framestore) is a portion of random-access memory (RAM) [1] containing a bitmap that drives a video display. It is a memory buffer containing data representing all the pixels in a complete video frame . [ 2 ]

  5. Direct Graphics Access - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_Graphics_Access

    Direct Graphics Access allows direct access to the frame buffer and the X-server hands over control of the frame buffer to the client program and waits for the client to hand it back. This means that the client program has control of the whole screen, and so it is mostly used for full-screen video/games.

  6. Data buffer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_buffer

    In computer science, a data buffer (or just buffer) is a region of memory used to store data temporarily while it is being moved from one place to another. Typically, the data is stored in a buffer as it is retrieved from an input device (such as a microphone) or just before it is sent to an output device (such as speakers); however, a buffer may be used when data is moved between processes ...

  7. Video buffering verifier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_buffering_verifier

    The Video Buffering Verifier (VBV) is a theoretical MPEG video buffer model, used to ensure that an encoded video stream can be correctly buffered, and played back at the decoder device. By definition, the VBV shall not overflow nor underflow when its input is a compliant stream, (except in the case of low_delay).

  8. Direct Rendering Manager - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_Rendering_Manager

    The Direct Rendering Manager was created to allow multiple programs to use video hardware resources cooperatively. [4] The DRM gets exclusive access to the GPU and is responsible for initializing and maintaining the command queue, memory, and any other hardware resource.

  9. VESA BIOS Extensions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VESA_BIOS_Extensions

    VESA BIOS Extensions (VBE) is a VESA standard, currently at version 3, that defines the interface that can be used by software to access compliant video boards at high resolutions and bit depths. This is opposed to the "traditional" INT 10h BIOS calls, which are limited to resolutions of 640×480 pixels with 16 colour (4-bit) depth or less.