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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 26 January 2025. Expansion of the Islamic state (622–750) For later military territorial expansion of Islamic states, see Spread of Islam. Early Muslim conquests Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632 Expansion under the Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661 Expansion under the Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750 Date ...
Performing the Hajj (annual Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca) is a sacred duty in Islam.During the Ottoman era (1517–1917), as in previous periods, Muslim pilgrims from the Levant and Anatolia would assemble in Damascus and travel together [1] in a caravan stocked with goods and foodstuffs to Mecca under an armed guard led by the amir al-hajj (commander of the Hajj caravan).
After the Muslim conquest of the Fertile Crescent in the 7th century AD and until the 16th century, it was the darb al-hajj or pilgrimage road for Muslims from Syria, Iraq, and beyond heading to the holy city of Mecca. [1] In modern Jordan, Highway 35 and Highway 15 follow this route, connecting Irbid in the north with Aqaba in the south.
The Bedouin originated in the Syrian Desert [19] and Arabian Desert but spread across the rest of the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa after the spread of Islam. [20] The English word bedouin comes from the Arabic badawī, which means "desert-dweller", and is traditionally contrasted with ḥāḍir, the term for sedentary people. [21]
Crusade or Pilgrimage of Fulk V of Anjou. The future king of Jerusalem Fulk V of Anjou traveled to the Holy Land from 1120 to 1122 and joined the Knights Templar, according to Ordoric Vitalis' Historia Ecclesiastica (c. 1141). [77] Pilgrimage of Rognvald Kali Kolsson. The pilgrimage of Rognvald Kali Kolsson (1151–1153). Also known as the ...
A camel caravan traveling to Mecca for the annual pilgrimage, c. 1910. The pilgrimage to Mecca is attested in some pre-Islamic Arabic poetry.Compared to Islamic-era poetry where the Hajj appears ubiquitously, only a small number of references are found to it in pre-Islamic poetry, indicating that its Arabian centrality was a development of Islamic times. [5]
In March 924 the Hajj pilgrims set out on their return journeys from Mecca. The first caravan heading to Iraq was attacked and massacred by Abu Tahir and his men at al-Habir. [6] News of this reached the subsequent caravans, which included several high officials and members of the Abbasid court, as they arrived at Faid, south of al-Habir.
Map of Mecca, 1946 "H.V. Weakley Photo Gallery: Pilgrimage, Mecca c1912" – via St Antony's College, Oxford, Middle East Centre Archive. "(Mecca)". Qatar Digital Library. Qatar National Library. Europeana. Items related to Mecca, various dates; Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Mecca, various dates; John Walker. "Calendar ...