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In chemistry, a reactive intermediate or an intermediate is a short-lived, high-energy, highly reactive molecule. When generated in a chemical reaction , it will quickly convert into a more stable molecule.
In chemistry, a reaction intermediate, or intermediate, is a molecular entity arising within the sequence of a stepwise chemical reaction. It is formed as the reaction product of an elementary step, from the reactants and/or preceding intermediates, but is consumed in a later step. It does not appear in the chemical equation for the overall ...
Reactive bonding is a wafer bonding procedure that uses highly reactive nanoscale multilayer systems as an intermediate layer between the bonding substrates. The ...
A reaction coordinate diagram may also have one or more transient intermediates which are shown by high energy wells connected via a transition state peak. Any chemical structure that lasts longer than the time for typical bond vibrations (10 −13 – 10 −14 s) can be considered as intermediate. [4]
The transition state, represented by the double dagger symbol represents the exact configuration of atoms that has an equal probability of forming either the reactants or products of the given reaction. [5] The activation energy is the minimum amount of energy to initiate a chemical reaction and form the activated complex. [6]
A tetrahedral intermediate is a reaction intermediate in which the bond arrangement around an initially double-bonded carbon atom has been transformed from trigonal to tetrahedral. [1] Tetrahedral intermediates result from nucleophilic addition to a carbonyl group.
An arenium ion is a cyclohexadienyl cation that appears as a reactive intermediate in electrophilic aromatic substitution. [28] For historic reasons this complex is also called a Wheland intermediate, [29] or a σ-complex. Two hydrogen atoms bonded to one carbon lie in a plane perpendicular to the benzene ring. [30]
Vinyl cations were first proposed in 1944 as a reactive intermediate for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of alkoxyacetylenes to give alkyl acetate. [5] In the first step of their facile hydration reaction, which was the rate limiting step, a vinyl cation reactive intermediate was proposed; the positive charge was believed to formally lie on a ...