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In algebra and number theory, Wilson's theorem states that a natural number n > 1 is a prime number if and only if the product of all the positive integers less than n is one less than a multiple of n.
Clement's congruence-based theorem characterizes the twin primes pairs of the form (, +) through the following conditions: [()! +] ((+)), +P. A. Clement's original 1949 paper [2] provides a proof of this interesting elementary number theoretic criteria for twin primality based on Wilson's theorem.
Linear congruence theorem; Method of successive substitution; Chinese remainder theorem; Fermat's little theorem. Proofs of Fermat's little theorem; Fermat quotient; Euler's totient function. Noncototient; Nontotient; Euler's theorem; Wilson's theorem; Primitive root modulo n. Multiplicative order; Discrete logarithm; Quadratic residue. Euler's ...
The Wilson quotient W(p) is defined as: = ()! + If p is a prime number, the quotient is an integer by Wilson's theorem; moreover, if p is composite, the quotient is not an integer. If p divides W(p), it is called a Wilson prime. The integer values of W(p) are (sequence A007619 in the OEIS): W(2) = 1
In number theory, a Wilson prime is a prime number such that divides ()! +, where "!" denotes the factorial function; compare this with Wilson's theorem, which states that every prime divides ()! +. Both are named for 18th-century English mathematician John Wilson ; in 1770, Edward Waring credited the theorem to Wilson, [ 1 ] although it had ...
This is a list of notable theorems. Lists of theorems and similar statements include: List of algebras; List of algorithms; List of axioms; List of conjectures; List of data structures; List of derivatives and integrals in alternative calculi; List of equations; List of fundamental theorems; List of hypotheses; List of inequalities; Lists of ...
Part of Wilson's theorem states that ()! for every prime p. One may easily prove this theorem by Sylow's third theorem. Indeed, observe that the number n p of Sylow's p-subgroups in the symmetric group S p is 1 / p − 1 times the number of p-cycles in S p, ie. (p − 2)!.
Long division is the standard algorithm used for pen-and-paper division of multi-digit numbers expressed in decimal notation. It shifts gradually from the left to the right end of the dividend, subtracting the largest possible multiple of the divisor (at the digit level) at each stage; the multiples then become the digits of the quotient, and the final difference is then the remainder.