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Procalcitonin (PCT) is a peptide precursor of the hormone calcitonin, the latter being involved with calcium homeostasis. It arises once preprocalcitonin is cleaved by endopeptidase . [ 1 ] It was first identified by Leonard J. Deftos and Bernard A. Roos in the 1970s. [ 2 ]
Faecal calprotectin (or fecal calprotectin) is a biochemical measurement of the protein calprotectin in the stool.Elevated faecal calprotectin indicates the migration of neutrophils to the intestinal mucosa, which occurs during intestinal inflammation, including inflammation caused by inflammatory bowel disease.
Although there is a high incidence of eosinopenia in sepsis, it is not more effective as a biomarker than more commonly utilized indicators of sepsis, such as procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP). [10] One advantage it does have compared these biomarkers is that it is generally a faster and cheaper test. [10]
These values are usually elevated in those with septic arthritis; however, these can be elevated by other infections or inflammatory conditions and are, therefore, nonspecific. [2] [11] Procalcitonin may be more useful than CRP. [28] Blood cultures can be positive in up to half of people with septic arthritis. [2] [13]
Elevated Calcitriol is suggestive of lymphoma, sarcoidosis, granulomatous disorders, and excessive calcitriol intake. Elevated calcifediol is suggestive of vitamin D or excessive calcifediol intake. [15] The normal range is 2.1–2.6 mmol/L (8.8–10.7 mg/dL, 4.3–5.2 mEq/L), with levels greater than 2.6 mmol/L defined as hypercalcaemia.
To determine the reason behind the elevated serum total protein, a serum protein electrophoresis should be carried out. [2] ... 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2021.397 ...
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A hallmark of polycythemia vera is an elevated hematocrit, with Hct > 55% seen in 83% of cases. [19] A somatic (non-hereditary) mutation (V617F) in the JAK2 gene, also present in other myeloproliferative disorders, is found in 95% of cases. [ 20 ]