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Figure 1:In mammals, the quadrate and articular bones are small and part of the middle ear; the lower jaw consists only of dentary bone.. While living mammal species can be identified by the presence of milk-producing mammary glands in the females, other features are required when classifying fossils, because mammary glands and other soft-tissue features are not visible in fossils.
First balanids and eucalypts, extinction of embrithopod and brontothere mammals, earliest pigs and cats. 28 Ma Paraceratherium appears in the fossil record, the largest terrestrial mammal that ever lived. First pelicans. 25 Ma Pelagornis sandersi appears in the fossil record, the largest flying bird that ever lived. 25 Ma First deer. 24 Ma ...
The history of life on Earth traces the processes by which living and extinct organisms evolved, from the earliest emergence of life to the present day. Earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago (abbreviated as Ga, for gigaannum) and evidence suggests that life emerged prior to 3.7 Ga. [1] [2] [3] The similarities among all known present-day species indicate that they have diverged through the ...
The discovery of a newly identified species — the oldest saber-toothed animal found and an ancient cousin to mammals — fills a longstanding gap in the fossil record.
Phylogenetic tree of the primates Notharctus. The evolutionary history of the primates can be traced back 57-90 million years. [1] One of the oldest known primate-like mammal species, Plesiadapis, came from North America; [2] another, Archicebus, came from China. [3]
[49] [50] The earliest known haplorhine skeleton, that of 55 MA old tarsier-like Archicebus, was found in central China, [51] supporting an already suspected Asian origin for the group. [52] The infraorder Simiiformes (simian primates, consisting of monkeys and apes) emerged about 40 mya, [ 44 ] possibly also in Asia; if so, they dispersed ...
From its earliest appearance at about 1.9 Ma, H. erectus is distributed in East Africa and Southwest Asia (Homo georgicus). H. erectus is the first known species to develop control of fire, by about 1.5 Ma. H. erectus later migrates throughout Eurasia, reaching Southeast Asia by 0.7 Ma. It is described in a number of subspecies. [38]
The first known indricothere fossils were collected from Balochistan (in modern-day Pakistan) in 1846 by a soldier named Vickary, but these fragments were unidentifiable at the time. [5] The first fossils now recognised as Paraceratherium were discovered by the British geologist Guy Ellcock Pilgrim in Balochistan in 1907–1908. His material ...