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Koah-pau or gua bao [1] or cuapao [2] [3] also known as a pork belly bun, [4] bao, [5] [6] or bao bun, [7] [8] is a type of lotus leaf bun originating from Fujianese cuisine in China. [9] It is also a popular snack in Taiwan , Singapore , Malaysia , Philippines , and Nagasaki Chinatown in Japan .
Lotus leaf bread (Chinese: 荷叶饼; pinyin: hé yè bǐng) is a Chinese steamed bread. Semi-circular and flat, the loaves have a horizontal fold that, when opened, gives the appearance that it has been sliced. Lines or patterns may be added to increase the resemblance to a lotus leaf. [1]
Depending on which variation of lotus seed bun is served it can take different shapes, but is traditionally made from the same dough as cha siu baau. When served as a longevity peach, the dough is twisted into a peach shape and given a pink dye to resemble a peach. [5] A split-open lotus seed bun, showing the lotus seed paste filling inside.
Cha siu bao [1] 叉燒包: 叉烧包: chāshāobāo: Steamed buns, [1] usually filled with BBQ pork Scallion pancake: 蔥油餅: 葱油饼: cōngyóubǐng: Scallion pancakes Mooncake: 月餅: 月饼: yuèbǐng: Usually eaten during the Mid-Autumn Festival. Sweet pastry with various fillings e.g. lotus paste, red bean paste, mung bean paste.
Some variants, such as niu rou jia bing (腊牛肉夹馍) use sesame bread and are filled with beef meat and pickled carrots and daikon, similar to a banh mi. Hé yè bǐng (荷叶饼; a foldable bing made to represent a lotus leaf), used to accompany many rich meat stuffings and popularized by the gua bao, a variation with red-cooked pork belly.
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The main ingredients of this dish include lotus root, almonds, walnuts, lotus seed, sugar and lotus leaf. The lotus root, lotus seeds, almonds and walnuts are chopped into small pieces and steamed. The sugar is mixed with water and then boiled to become syrup. The lotus leaf is cut into small pieces and soaked in boiling water.
[3] [4] This unique mix of leavening gives the dough of cha siu bao the texture of a slightly dense, but fine soft bread. Tangzhong, a water roux, is sometimes used to keep the bread soft over long periods of time and aids in improving the texture of the bao. An alternative version of the steamed char siu bao is a baked version.