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The National Insurance number is used as a reference number in the Pay As You Earn system, and also by the self-employed. It is also used in applications for Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs), to check that an individual has opened only one ISA in a tax year. However, the NI number is not used universally as a tax identification number.
A British 1948 National Insurance stamp, once used to collect contributions to the scheme. National insurance contributions (NICs) fall into a number of classes. Class 1, 2 and 3 NICs paid are credited to an individual's NI account, which determines eligibility for certain benefits - including the state pension.
The Old State Pension, consisting of the Basic State Pension (alongside the Graduated Retirement Benefit, the State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme, and the State Second Pension; collectively known as Additional State Pension), is a benefit payable to men born before 6 April 1951, and to women born before 6 April 1953.
Those who reached state pension age after that date get the new state pension, worth £221.20 a week. From 6 April 2025, these will be worth £176.45 and £230.25 a week respectively.
The three British National Insurance Funds hold the contributions of the National Insurance Scheme, set up by the Government of the United Kingdom in 1911. It was reformed in 1948 and assumed broadly its current form in 1975, when the separate National Insurance (Industrial Injuries) and National Insurance (Reserve) Funds were merged with it. [ 1 ]
Historically, the number has been composed of the date of birth (DDMMYY), a three digit individual number, and two check digits. The individual number and the check digits are collectively known as the Personal Number. The individual number has been selected from a range depending on century of birth: for the years 1854–1899 the range is 500 ...
Image source: Getty Images. 1. Monthly benefits will be higher in 2025. The most notable change to Social Security benefits in 2025 should be good news.
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