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Chlamydomonas (/ ˌ k l æ m ɪ ˈ d ɒ m ə n ə s,-d ə ˈ m oʊ-/ KLAM-ih-DOM-ə-nəs, -də-MOH-) is a genus of green algae consisting of about 150 species [2] of unicellular flagellates, found in stagnant water and on damp soil, in freshwater, seawater, and even in snow as "snow algae". [3]
Asexual reproduction occurs when the cell protoplast divides to form two, four, or eight daughter cells, with cell walls forming while still in the parent cell wall. Before cell division, the flagella usually disappear. Daughter cells are typically liberated when the parent cell wall gelatinizes, or through a rupture in the parent cell wall.
Chlamydomonas moewusii is a heterothallic species, exhibiting distinct behavioral differences between the gametes of its two mating types. When suspensions containing 'plus' and 'minus' gametes are mixed under light, they form clumps that eventually separate into pairs after a few minutes.
Chlorophycean algae are eukaryotic organisms composed of cells which occur in a variety of forms. Depending on the species, Chlorophyceae can grow unicellular (e.g. Chlamydomonas), colonial (e.g. Volvox), coenocytic (e.g. Characiosiphon), or filamentous (e.g. Chaetophora).
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a single-cell green alga about 10 micrometres in diameter that swims with two flagella. It has a cell wall made of hydroxyproline -rich glycoproteins , a large cup-shaped chloroplast , a large pyrenoid , and an eyespot apparatus that senses light.
Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the biological process by which new individual organisms – "offspring" – are produced from their "parent" or parents. There are two forms of reproduction: asexual and sexual. In asexual reproduction, an organism can reproduce without the involvement of another organism.
Watermelon snow on Mount Ritter in California. Watermelon snow, also called snow algae, pink snow, red snow, or blood snow, is a phenomenon caused by Chlamydomonas nivalis, a species of green algae containing a secondary red carotenoid pigment (astaxanthin) in addition to chlorophyll.
A Chlamydomonas zygote contains chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) from both parents; such cells are generally rare, since normally cpDNA is inherited uniparentally from the mt+ mating type parent. These rare biparental zygotes allowed mapping of chloroplast genes by recombination.