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  2. Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multidrug-resistant_gram...

    A review of investigational antibiotics shows that several new agents will become available in the coming years, even though the pace of antimicrobial research has proven far too slow. Overuse of antimicrobial agents and problems with infection control practices have led to the development of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections.

  3. Gram-negative bacteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram-negative_bacteria

    Based upon a number of different observations, including that the gram-positive bacteria are the most sensitive to antibiotics and that the gram-negative bacteria are, in general, resistant to antibiotics, it has been proposed that the outer cell membrane in gram-negative bacteria (diderms) evolved as a protective mechanism against antibiotic ...

  4. List of antibiotic-resistant bacteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_antibiotic...

    The evolution of bacteria on a "Mega-Plate" petri dish A list of antibiotic resistant bacteria is provided below. These bacteria have shown antibiotic resistance (or antimicrobial resistance). Gram positive Clostridioides difficile Clostridioides difficile is a nosocomial pathogen that causes diarrheal disease worldwide. Diarrhea caused by C. difficile can be life-threatening. Infections are ...

  5. Beta-lactamase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-lactamase

    TEM-1 is the most commonly encountered beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria. Up to 90% of ampicillin resistance in E. coli is due to the production of TEM-1. [17] Also responsible for the ampicillin and penicillin resistance that is seen in H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae in increasing numbers.

  6. Penicillin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillin

    For example, resistance to vancomycin in S. aureus is due to additional peptidoglycan synthesis that makes the cell wall much thicker preventing effective penicillin entry. [47] Resistance in Gram-negative bacteria is due to mutational variations in the structure and number of porins. [52]

  7. β-Lactam antibiotic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Β-Lactam_antibiotic

    β-Lactam antibiotics are indicated for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms. At first, β-lactam antibiotics were mainly active only against gram-positive bacteria, yet the recent development of broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics active against various gram-negative organisms has increased their usefulness.

  8. List of antibiotics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_antibiotics

    Indicated for complicated skin/skin structure infections, soft tissue infections and complicated intra-abdominal infections. Effective for gram-positive, gram-negative, anaerobic, and against multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] and Acinetobacter baumannii), but not effective for Pseudomonas spp. and Proteus ...

  9. ESKAPE - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESKAPE

    This group of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria can evade or 'escape' commonly used antibiotics due to their increasing multi-drug resistance (MDR). [1] As a result, throughout the world, they are the major cause of life-threatening nosocomial or hospital-acquired infections in immunocompromised and critically ill patients who are most ...

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